Witch-hazel
At a Glance
Latin Name: Hamamelis virginiana,
Other names, known as witch-hazel, common witch-hazel, and American witch-hazel, is a species of flowering shrub native to eastern North America
Native Americans produced witch hazel extract by boiling the stems of the shrub and producing a decoction, which was used to treat swellings, inflammations, and tumors.
An extract of the plant is used in the astringent witch hazel.
Zone: 3-8
Soil/ Climate: Full sun- Partial Shade. Prefers well-drained, moist soil that is slightly acidic to neutral. It is adaptable to various soil types, including sandy and loamy soils. This plant thrives in temperate climates with cold winters and grows best in areas with moderate humidity. It is capable of withstanding a range of weather conditions, from cold winters to hot summers.
Mature Height: Witch hazel typically grows to a height of 12 to 20 feet at maturity, with a spread of 15 to 20 feet. In ideal conditions, it may reach up to 25 feet. This species usually has an upright, rounded shape. It grows slowly to moderately, adding about 6 to 12 inches per year under optimal conditions. It can take several years (around 5-10 years) to reach full maturity, particularly in cooler, temperate climates where it thrives naturally.
Notes: Witch hazel is famous for its distinctive flowering period, usually blooming in late fall or early winter. Its yellow, ribbon-like flowers provide a striking visual element in the landscape during the colder months. Often used in landscaping as a specimen shrub or small tree, witch hazel also has medicinal value. Extracts from its bark and twigs are frequently incorporated into cosmetics, lotions, and astringents due to their anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
Problems: Witch hazel is vulnerable to pests like aphids and scales. It can also be impacted by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and witch hazel rust, which may cause leaf distortion and defoliation. Additionally, poor drainage can lead to root rot, so it is important to plant witch hazel in well-drained soil to prevent this problem.
Wildlife: Witch hazel provides valuable benefits to wildlife, particularly in winter when other food sources are limited. Its flowers attract bees, especially late-season pollinators, while the seed capsules offer food for various bird species once they open in the fall.
The forked twigs of witch-hazel are preferred as divining rods.
It is a pollinator plant that attracts moths and supports 62 species of caterpillars
-Shade tolerant
-Provides habitat for deer
Bareroot Purchase Size: 2-3 ft.
USDA NRCS Species Information